Tablet fuel modifier ExtraTabs Scientific evidence of work
Offered fuel modifiers are a mixture of initiators and catalysts oxidation of hydrocarbons, chosen individually for each fuel type, depending on average molecular weight of fuel. Oxidation process of any hydrocarbon fuel up to high oxides, as any other chemical reaction, needs certain time, that can be reduced using specially chosen additives - catalysts. The time of hydrocarbon and oxigen existance in reaction zone (engine cylinder) is rather small, herewith during this period gas pressure increases significantly, and the temperature reaches 2300-2500*C. According to general laws of chemical kinetics, in such conditions reaction execution of oxidating in full is impossible, reaction equilibrium constant is shifted in the direction of starting compounds.
There are many items of evidence concerning above-mentioned in the literature, both experimental and mathematical model predictions, for example:
1.Telidis K.K., Vorobyev B.N., Golenishchev A.V. "Investigation of combustion catalyst's influence on technical and economic features and environmental performance of a marine diesel." // Editorial staff. - P.94.
2.Tyrlovoy S.I. "Towards model treatment of operation conditions of high-speed motors." - 2003.
3. Melbert A.A., Novoselov A.A., Bokov K.S. "Investigation results of antismoke additives usage into diesel fuel." // Polzunovskiy Vestnik. - 2015. - N2. - P.99-102.
4. Matievskiy D.D., Svistula A.E. "Untimeliness of heat emission in ICE cycles." - Polzunovskiy Vestnik. - 2007. - N4. - P. 79-87.
During burning, gas relocation processes are actively in progress in the cylinder, which contribute to heat transfer into cylinder walls, heat transfer moves due to convection and radiation.
It is impossible to make oxidation reaction in a radically different manner for increase of exotherm, because according to Hess's law: heat of reaction doesn't depend on the way of reaction behaviour, but is identified only by starting and ending system condition. In other words, calorific efficiency of any hydrocarbon fuel depends only on hydrocarbon and hydrogen quantity in it and it is not to be changed.
Hence, it is possible to achieve fuel economy and herewith not to change efficiency factor of ICE by means of two variants:
- To increase hydrocarbon fuel completeness of combustion (according to data from literature, for ICE using diesel fuel underburning reaches 10-30%), that can be reached by increasing reaction transit time or by increasing reaction speed. The offered fuel modifiers are aimed at maximum increase of oxidating reaction speed during the time when fuel is in the engine cylinder.
- To shift contribution of heat convection in the direction of radiation. This effect can also be reached by insertion of certain composites (initiators and catalysts of oxidating reactions).
Mode of operation of the offered fuel modifiers can be described by the following scheme:
- Catalysts which are included into additives create together with fuel true or mycelial aquae.
- Reaching reaction zone (engine cylinder, boiler furnace, etc.) catalyst goes into chemical interaction with one or all reacting agents (hydrocarbon and ambient oxygen), herewith making active intermediate (in catalysis theory it is activated complex). Energy barrier of oxidating reaction with participation of such an activated complex is much lower than such a reaction with participation of simple basic composites.
- As a result of oxidating reaction high oxides of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen are produced, as well as basic molecular of catalyst, which again take part in the reaction.
- On reaching certain temperatures, catalysts included into the additive, undergo oxidating up to high oxides (CO2, H2O, NO2) and are freely removed from reaction zone. Catalysts mixture is made in such a way to control fuel combustion dynamics in the engine cylinder and escape from combustion knocking.